how much does kenya own china - SERP Analysis

https://www.dw.com/en/chinese-loans-to-africa-rise-for-first-time-in-7-years/a-70123303

https://www.chathamhouse.org/2023/05/kenyas-debt-struggles-go-far-deeper-chinese-loans

https://thehill.com/opinion/international/4761932-kenya-protests-ruto-debt/

https://chinaglobalsouth.com/2024/10/03/details-of-kenyas-new-chinese-loan-emerge/

https://apnews.com/article/kenya-china-loans-economy-belt-road-debt-97e352532bf5db3bc40a7370116f4410

https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/bd/economy/kenya-spends-sh153-billion-in-a-year-to-repay-china-loans-4690244

https://africauncensored.online/blog/2025/04/28/trapped-in-debt-rutos-china-visit-renews-focus-on-kenyas-borrowing-binge/

https://adf-magazine.com/2024/02/as-chinese-debt-comes-due-african-nations-struggle-with-repayments/

https://democracyinafrica.org/chinas-debt-to-africa-a-balancing-act-between-development-and-dependency/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrZJgIso0wE

https://www.dw.com/en/kenya-struggles-to-escape-debt-cycle-after-chinese-loans/video-70130033

https://africog.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/CHINESE-LOANS-Report-AFRICOG-DC-1.pdf

https://www.chathamhouse.org/2022/12/response-debt-distress-africa-and-role-china/02-case-studies-chinese-lending-africa

https://asia.nikkei.com/Editor-s-Picks/Interview/As-China-debt-looms-Kenya-president-seeks-more-diverse-funding

https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/26/business/kenya-tax-protests-debt.html

https://www.npr.org/2024/09/06/nx-s1-5101563/1-man-campaign-in-kenya-to-call-out-suspected-massive-government-loans-goes-viral

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3237215/kenya-seek-us1b-china-stalled-railway-more-time-repay-debts-deputy-president-says

https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/china-owns-213-kenyas-external-debt-not-70-reported

https://www.voanews.com/a/kenya-asks-for-a-billion-dollar-loan-from-china/7364046.html

https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/kenyas-fiscal-troubles-are-largely-homemade-now-the-country-is-running-out-of-options/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%E2%80%93Kenya_relations

https://en.unav.edu/web/global-affairs/china-s-belt-and-road-initiative-in-africa-kenya-s-pivotal-role

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=us2gTwxE5xk

https://www.bu.edu/gdp/2024/08/21/relative-risk-and-the-rate-of-return-chinese-loans-to-africa-database-2000-2023/

http://www.sais-cari.org/

https://www.ncuscr.org/video/us-kenya-china/

https://www.reddit.com/r/Kenya/comments/1gvbl5n/ngl_these_chinese_do_more_than_they_just_say/

https://china.aiddata.org/projects/58693/

https://adf-magazine.com/2023/06/as-chinese-loans-come-due-african-borrowers-face-economic-midnight/

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID3837320_code3344325.pdf?abstractid=3837320&mirid=1

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311886.2023.2262185

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718523002026

https://www.mfa.gov.cn/eng/zy/gb/202504/t20250424_11603292.html

https://www.irreview.org/articles/development-deposits-and-debts-a-decade-of-bri-in-africa

https://china.aiddata.org/projects/58125/

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318727817_China's_Development_Loans_and_the_threat_of_Debt_Crisis_in_Kenya

https://mfa.go.ke/kenya-china-relations-deepened-2024-focac-summit-milestone-infrastructure-trade-and-economic

https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/28167/chapter/213032437?login=true

https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/cariwp/202252.html

https://hsf.org.za/publications/hsf-briefs/china2019s-loans-to-south-africa-brief-iv

https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-a-chinese-citizen-should-have-asked-kenyas-president-and-his-large-retinue/

https://research.hktdc.com/en/article/Njk1Nzc1NTQz

https://int.nyt.com/data/documenttools/Kenya-China-Docs-2/e099c795dfcc47ce/full.pdf

https://www.facebook.com/AfricaViewFacts/posts/african-countries-with-the-biggest-loans-from-china1-angola-2-ethiopia-3-kenya-4/717380257465155/

https://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/bitstream/123456789/23742/1/Impact%20of%20China.......pdf

https://www.npr.org/2018/10/08/641625157/a-new-chinese-funded-railway-in-kenya-sparks-debt-trap-fears

https://www.cbe.org.eg/-/media/project/cbe/listing/publication/international-relations/african-debt-to-china.pdf

https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=107692

https://trendsresearch.org/insight/china-and-kenya-relations-investments-and-challenges/?srsltid=AfmBOorWZugDMMNk-RM10cpInuZkYpEaCY360475U5o4y1WLDaJRD4KR

https://orcasia.org/article/148/primer-on-the-china-footprint-in-africa-post-covid

https://www.lovemoney.com/gallerylist/231493/the-countries-most-in-debt-to-china-and-why-theyre-struggling-to-pay-back

https://issafrica.org/iss-today/navigating-the-complex-terrain-of-china-africa-debt-relations

https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/KEN/kenya-qandas

https://www.africanews.com/2023/10/19/additional-chinese-loans-not-sustainable-for-kenya-analyst//

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/253388/1/sais-cari-wp52.pdf

https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/china-may-seize-kenyan-assets-amid-mounting-debts-report-3455850

https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-10/291-299.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-QDEWwSkP0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Kenya

https://www.kas.de/en/web/kenia/single-title/-/content/china-s-infrastructural-engagement-in-kenya

https://repository.kippra.or.ke/bitstreams/92358225-9376-4b31-9b7d-9a75fa093a29/download

http://cdn-odi-production.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/Overview_of_Kenya-China_bilateral_trade_ZYpLGy1.pdf

https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/080615/china-owns-us-debt-how-much.asp

https://www.chinafile.com/library/china-africa-project/chinese-debt-africa-how-much-too-much

https://cytonn.com/topicals/review-of-kenyas

https://africa.isp.msu.edu/index.php/download_file/view/1505/417/

https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/blog/one-way-visits-uneven-trade-and-surprising-tea-twists-5-key-facts-about-kenya

https://devinit.org/resources/chinese-lending-to-east-africa-what-the-numbers-tell-us/

https://apnews.com/article/china-debt-banking-loans-financial-developing-countries-collapse-8df6f9fac3e1e758d0e6d8d5dfbd3ed6

https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/kenya-revelations-shine-a-light-on-chinas-predatory-lending-practices/

https://qz.com/africa/1324618/china-is-kenyas-largest-creditor-with-72-of-total-bilateral-debt

https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=142946

https://internationalbudget.org/wp-content/uploads/state-of-public-debt-Kenya-october-2020.pdf

https://debtjustice.org.uk/press-release/african-governments-owe-three-times-more-debt-to-private-lenders-than-china

https://realistreview.org/2018/09/22/kenya-and-chinas-one-belt-one-road/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZruJto9JVx8

https://www.fpri.org/article/2022/05/chinas-belt-and-road-initiative-in-kenya/

https://english.news.cn/20230630/b666228c984a480289cf300396fc7f3d/c.html

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/chinese-loans-debt-trap-diplomacy-african-countries-jake-findi-o16ce

https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/china-regional-snapshot-sub-saharan-africa/

https://china.usembassy-china.org.cn/remarks-by-secretary-of-defense-pete-hegseth-at-the-2025-shangri-la-dialogue-in-singapore-as-delivered/

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01436597.2022.2110058

https://www.swp-berlin.org/assets/afrika/publications/policybrief/MTA_PB04_2022_Eickhoff_Chinese_Mega_Projects_in_Kenya.pdf

https://unfccc.int/NDCREG

https://www.garoweonline.com/en/world/africa/kenya-is-closing-gap-in-repayment-of-chinese-loans

https://www.brookings.edu/articles/three-myths-about-china-in-kenya/

https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/801581468195561492/pdf/WPS7614.pdf

https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=international_studies_theses

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/7/why-are-kenyans-angry-with-the-imf

https://biznakenya.com/china-now-owns-half-kenyas-external-debt/

https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/06/ocean-rewards-coastal-communities/

https://www.crisisgroup.org/united-states/united-states-china/us-defense-secretary-puts-peace-through-strength-heart-asia-policy

https://qz.com/africa/707954/china-now-owns-more-than-half-of-all-of-kenyas-debt-2

https://hbr.org/2020/02/how-much-money-does-the-world-owe-china

https://www.wri.org/insights/assessing-2025-ndcs

https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202309/1297545.shtml

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/may/27/poorest-750-nations-face-tidal-wave-of-debt-repayments-to-china-in-2025-study-warns

https://www.railwaypro.com/wp/china-and-its-strategies-in-kenya-when-rail-brings-debt-not-development/

https://assomac.it/pt/kenya-reveals-some-china-loan-documents-for-5-billion-railway/